M Toronto Myositis Centreat St. Michael's Hospital
← Tests & procedures Patient guide

Swallowing assessment.

A swallowing assessment checks how safely and easily you swallow. Some forms of myositis weaken the muscles used to swallow, and this test helps keep eating safe and your lungs protected.

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Done by a speech-language pathologist (SLP).

The basic assessment is simple and painless. Some people also have a short moving X-ray, or a small camera test, if a closer look is needed.

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What it is

Checking how you swallow.

A swallowing assessment is done by a speech-language pathologist, a specialist in swallowing and communication. Myositis, and inclusion body myositis in particular, can weaken the muscles of the mouth and throat, so that food or drink is harder to swallow or goes down the wrong way. The assessment finds out whether this is happening and how to manage it.

It usually starts with a clinical assessment: the therapist asks about your swallowing, checks the muscles of your mouth and throat, and watches you eat and drink different textures. If a closer look is needed, one of two tests may be added. A videofluoroscopy is a moving X-ray taken while you swallow food and drink mixed with a harmless contrast. A FEES test uses a thin, soft camera passed through the nose to watch your throat as you swallow.

What it tells us

Why the test is done.

The assessment shows whether the swallowing muscles are affected, how safe your swallowing is, and whether any food or liquid is heading toward your airway instead of your stomach. That matters because food or drink going into the lungs can cause a chest infection. The findings guide safe eating: which textures are easiest and safest, strategies and exercises to swallow more safely, and whether any extra support is needed. They also help your team watch the disease and protect your nutrition.

What to expect

The assessment, step by step.

The clinical assessment
  • The therapist talks with you about any trouble swallowing.
  • They examine the muscles of your mouth and throat.
  • They watch you try different foods and drinks, from thin liquids to solids.
  • It usually takes about 30 to 45 minutes and is not painful.
If a closer look is needed
  • A videofluoroscopy is done in the X-ray department: you eat and drink small amounts coated with a contrast while a short, low-dose moving X-ray records your swallow.
  • A FEES test uses a small camera through the nose, sometimes with a numbing spray, while you swallow.
  • Both are brief and well tolerated.
Getting ready

How to prepare.

Staying safe

Risks.

The clinical assessment has no risk. A videofluoroscopy uses a small dose of X-ray. A FEES test can cause brief discomfort in the nose and, rarely, a little bleeding or gagging. Serious problems are very rare.

Between visits, call the clinic if:

Contact us if you notice:

Coughing or choking at meals
Frequent coughing or choking while eating or drinking, or a wet, gurgly voice afterward.
Food coming back or sticking
Food or liquid coming back up, or the feeling of food stuck in your throat or chest.
Weight loss or avoiding food
Losing weight without meaning to, or avoiding meals because swallowing is hard.
Fever with a cough after eating
This can signal food or drink reaching the lungs. Seek medical care.

Your results

The therapist explains the findings of the clinical assessment right away, and the results of any X-ray or camera test are shared with your Centre team. You may be given advice on food textures, swallowing strategies, exercises, and follow-up, and if there is any risk of food reaching the lungs, a clear plan to keep you safe and well-nourished.

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This guide is for learning, not medical advice. Your team will explain your own test, and every person’s situation is a little different. Always follow the instructions you are given.

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